# Spaghetti Aglio e Olio

Spaghetti aglio e olio is spaghetti tossed with golden garlic, olive oil, chili flakes and parsley. It is a classic Italian pantry dinner that is ready in 20 minutes and uses ingredients you probably already have.

The trick is cooking the garlic gently so it turns sweet, not bitter, and tossing in starchy pasta water so the oil turns into a silky sauce.

- Total time: 20 min (prep 5 min, cook 15 min)
- Serves: 4
- Per serving (estimated): 600 kcal, 15 g protein
- Cuisine: Italian. Category: Main course. Diet: vegan, dairy-free.

## Ingredients

- 400 g spaghetti
- 1/3 cup extra-virgin olive oil
- 6 cloves garlic, thinly sliced
- 1/2 tsp red pepper flakes
- 1/4 cup fresh parsley, chopped
- 1 tbsp fresh lemon juice (optional)
- Salt and black pepper

## Method

1. Bring 4 liters (4 quarts) of water to a boil and add 1 tbsp salt. Cook the spaghetti 1 minute short of the package time. Scoop out 1 cup of pasta water before draining.
2. While the pasta cooks, add the olive oil and sliced garlic to a cold 12-inch skillet. Set it over medium-low heat.
3. Cook slowly for 4 to 5 minutes, stirring, until the garlic is pale gold and smells sweet. Add the pepper flakes for the last 30 seconds. Do not let the garlic turn brown.
4. Add 1/2 cup of the pasta water to the skillet. It will sizzle and steam. Simmer 1 minute.
5. Add the drained spaghetti to the skillet. Toss over medium heat for 1 to 2 minutes, adding more pasta water by the splash, until the sauce turns creamy and clings to the noodles.
6. Turn off the heat. Stir in the parsley and lemon juice, then season with salt and pepper. Serve right away.

## Why it works

- Starting garlic in cold oil heats it slowly, so it infuses the oil with flavor instead of scorching.
- Slicing the garlic thin gives more surface area, which cooks it evenly and quickly.
- Pasta water carries starch, which helps the oil and water mix into one creamy sauce.
- Finishing the pasta in the pan lets the noodles absorb flavor and release more starch.
- Parsley and lemon at the end add freshness that balances the rich oil.

## The science

- **Why start garlic in cold oil.** Garlic burns fast because it is full of sugars and small pieces. Heating it from cold with the oil raises the temperature gradually, so the flavor moves into the fat before browning goes too far. This gives a sweet, rounded taste.
- **Oil and water become a sauce.** Oil and water usually separate. Starch from pasta water thickens the liquid and coats the oil droplets, keeping them suspended as a creamy emulsion. Vigorous tossing in the pan breaks the oil into tiny droplets so the sauce looks glossy rather than greasy.

## Tips

- Keep the heat at medium-low and watch the garlic closely, since it can turn brown in seconds.
- Use good extra-virgin olive oil, because it is the main flavor.
- Serve right away, because the sauce tightens as it sits.

## Mistakes to avoid

- Cooking the garlic over high heat, which burns it and makes it bitter, so go low and slow.
- Draining all the pasta water, which leaves no way to make a sauce, so always save a cup.
- Adding too much water at once, which makes the sauce thin, so add it a splash at a time.

## Variations and swaps

- Stir in anchovy fillets with the garlic for a deeper, savory flavor.
- Add shrimp or cherry tomatoes to turn it into a heartier meal.
- Finish with toasted breadcrumbs for crunch.
- Swap spaghetti for linguine or bucatini.
- Swap parsley for fresh basil for a sweeter herb note.
- Swap red pepper flakes for a fresh chili, sliced thin, for a brighter heat.

## Storage

Best eaten fresh. Refrigerate leftovers within 2 hours and eat within 3 days, reheating in a skillet with a splash of water until it reaches 165°F (74°C).

## FAQ

**How do I keep garlic from burning in aglio e olio?**

Start the garlic in cold oil over medium-low heat and stir often. Remove the pan from the heat as soon as it turns pale gold, since it keeps cooking in the hot oil.

**Why is my aglio e olio oily and not saucy?**

The sauce needs starchy pasta water and vigorous tossing to form an emulsion. Add the water a splash at a time while tossing the pasta over medium heat.

**Is aglio e olio vegan?**

Yes, as written it is vegan, since it uses only pasta, olive oil, garlic, chili and herbs. Skip the Parmesan and anchovies if you serve it that way.

**How much garlic should I use?**

Six cloves gives a strong but balanced flavor for 4 servings. Use 4 for a milder dish. Always slice rather than mince, to cook it gently.

**What does aglio e olio mean?**

It means garlic and oil in Italian. The full name is spaghetti aglio, olio e peperoncino, with chili pepper added.

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Source: https://cookingscientist.com/recipes/spaghetti-aglio-e-olio (Cooking Scientist). Learn the science of cooking in the Cooking Scientist app for iPhone and iPad: https://apps.apple.com/app/id6830326846